Article created: 11/5/2023
Best Puppy Dog Food For French Bulldogs
The article is based on the expert knowledge of the TomKings Puppies team who have been breeding French Bulldogs for 10 years on their farm
What sets Merrick Classic Healthy Grains Puppy Recipe apart is its inclusion of whole grains like brown rice and barley French Bulldog puppies have unique dietary needs that require special attention This recipe also incorporates omega fatty acids for healthy brain development and DHA for optimal eye health Cheap French Bulldog Puppies Under $500 In New Jersey A varied diet is important not only for humans but dogs as well, not to mention that your fur baby will be very happy to taste some new flavors By following these feeding guidelines, you can ensure that your French Bulldog puppy receives the nutrition they need during this crucial stage of growth By following these feeding guidelines, you can ensure that your French Bulldog puppy receives the nutrition they need during this crucial stage of growth.
If you choose to prepare homemade dog food for your French Bulldog, it is essential to ensure that the diet provides the necessary nutrients to support their health and well-being This formula features deboned chicken as the main ingredient, providing a high-quality source of protein to support muscle development However, the benefits it offers in terms of weight management and affordability make it a great value option for French Bulldog owners A balanced diet is crucial in preventing common issues such as paw licking or upset tummies A balanced diet is crucial in preventing common issues such as paw licking or upset tummies. Prebiotic fiber and probiotics are formulated to be gentle on the digestive system and promote digestion By choosing dog food with these beneficial supplements, you can provide your Frenchie with a well-rounded diet that supports their overall health This can be a very painful condition for dogs Bulldog Puppy Tries To Howl Odie, French Bulldog puppy at TomKings Puppies Special recommendations by TomKings Puppies The best food for French Bulldog with a sensitive stomach For dogs with sensitive stomachs, we always recommend home-cooked food , so you can be sure of what your dog is eating With proper nutrition, your Frenchie pup will be ready to conquer the world one playful bark at a time With proper nutrition, your Frenchie pup will be ready to conquer the world one playful bark at a time. This can result in seizures, liver failure, or even death Best Food for your French Bulldog puppy According to vets and French Bulldog experts in the US, the best bulldog diet should contain proteins, carbohydrates as well as an equal amount of healthy fats for brain power and energy Like with so many things, the name is not everything! On the other hand, if the kibble is too large they will have difficulties consuming the food Xylitol: Sweetness Turns Sour Xylitol is an artificial sweetener commonly found in sugar-free products like gum or candy For French Bulldog puppies , it is recommended to provide them with 1 For French Bulldog puppies , it is recommended to provide them with 1. .Whole Grains: Nourishing Carbohydrate Sources Carbohydrates play a role in providing energy to your puppy
Feed them high-quality, nutritionally complete puppy food and, if desired, lean raw meat to provide them with the balanced diet they need Make sure the food you choose contains adequate amounts of vitamins and fatty acids to promote healthy skin and coat It is essential to choose a high-quality brand that uses real meat and avoids fillers, artificial preservatives, and additives French Bulldog Puppies For Sale In Virginia Beach From weight management formulas to grain-free options and specialized diets for puppies and seniors, these dog foods offer the essential nutrients your Frenchie needs to thrive No longer will they suffer from itchy paws or diarrhea No longer will they suffer from itchy paws or diarrhea. Our dogs do deserve the best! Gradually introducing the new food over a period of days can help avoid these problems You should always ensure a smooth transition by gradually mixing in more and more of the new food with the old to avoid any dietary issues Different brands may have specific guidelines tailored for French Bulldog puppies or small breed puppies in general The stool of your Frenchie A very important criterion and perhaps the best indicator of the given food is suitable for your Frenchie is their stool Remember, a healthy diet sets the foundation for a happy and active French Bulldog Remember, a healthy diet sets the foundation for a happy and active French Bulldog. You can buy high-quality wet and dry god food at your local pet store or if you want more control over what goes into the bowl, you can feed your adult Frenchie with home-cooked food If you notice that your puppy looks a bit chubbier or bigger compared to other Frenchies you can make this change even sooner Not only do omega-3s contribute to a shiny coat but they also help reduce inflammation and support healthy skin and overall health French Bulldog Puppies San Marcos Tx Both provide a complete, balanced diet for their growth and development On the other hand, if they are not gaining enough weight or appear undernourished, consult with your vet to determine if an increase in portion size or a different type of food is necessary On the other hand, if they are not gaining enough weight or appear undernourished, consult with your vet to determine if an increase in portion size or a different type of food is necessary. Even small amounts can cause symptoms like restlessness, increased heart rate, vomiting, diarrhea, and in severe cases, seizures or even death By being aware of potential allergies and sensitivities and choosing the right dog food, you can help your Frenchie maintain a healthy and happy life Look for products that are labeled as complete and balanced, which means they contain all the essential nutrients your French Bulldog needs in the right proportions .
While some dogs may not accept Royal Canin French Bulldog Adult Dry Dog Food and it is costly, the benefits it provides in terms of nutrition and breed-specific formulation make it an ideal choice for senior French Bulldogs
Ingestion may lead to gastrointestinal upset or even pancreatitis. French Bulldog puppies are energetic and growing rapidly, which means they need frequent meals throughout the day Eating a bit more slowly and with less appetite are usually signs telling you to cut out the middle meal By choosing the best overall dog food for your Frenchie, you can support their overall health and well-being French Bulldog Puppy For Adoption Near Me This grain-inclusive formula includes deboned chicken as the primary source of protein along with wholesome grains like brown rice Signs of a food allergy in your Frenchie We have already mentioned that Frenchies tend to be allergic to chicken, but what are the actual signs of a food allergy? The most common symptoms include scratching, hair loss, dull lifeless fur, inflamed eyes and ears often with some discharge, paw licking, swelling, but also vomiting, and loose stools Signs of a food allergy in your Frenchie We have already mentioned that Frenchies tend to be allergic to chicken, but what are the actual signs of a food allergy? The most common symptoms include scratching, hair loss, dull lifeless fur, inflamed eyes and ears often with some discharge, paw licking, swelling, but also vomiting, and loose stools. Store-bought vs Feeding your Frenchie the wrong food can lead to serious health issues and discomfort Having earned the highest of all ratings, NutriSource is a great choice for puppies! Contains all the essential nutrients for the optimum health of your pet Providing a healthy diet is essential for their overall health and well-being It contains essential nutrients such as antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that promote healthy growth and support a strong immune system It contains essential nutrients such as antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that promote healthy growth and support a strong immune system. .Ingestion may lead to gastrointestinal upset or even pancreatitis
It contains essential nutrients such as antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that promote healthy growth and support a strong immune system
Puppies aged between 2 to 6 months should be supplied with three meals per day, whereas older puppies should be given two meals daily It is worth noting that some puppies may not take to Royal Canin French Bulldog Puppy Dog Food , and it is more expensive than other dog food options due to its breed-specific nature Avoid recipes with fillers or artificial additives — go for wholesome kibble made especially for small dogs like Frenchies French Bulldog Puppy Upset Stomach The best way to save your dog from this kind of suffering is avoiding fillers and giving him whole food ingredients Frequently Asked Questions What are Frenchies allergic to? French can suffer from environmental allergies such as dust mites, pollens, molds, and grass as well as food allergies such as corn, soy, beef, and dairy products Frequently Asked Questions What are Frenchies allergic to? French can suffer from environmental allergies such as dust mites, pollens, molds, and grass as well as food allergies such as corn, soy, beef, and dairy products. Beneficial Supplements In addition to high-quality protein and healthy fats, beneficial supplements like prebiotic fiber, probiotics, glucosamine, chondroitin, taurine, and omega fatty acids should be considered for French Bulldog dog food Hormonal changes can cause neutered dogs to become less active than their fertile counterparts For puppies aged weeks: 1 cup of food per meal Taking steps to reduce exposure to allergens can help keep your Frenchie healthy and comfortable Jasper, available French Bulldog puppy at TomKings Puppies Any other ingredient not mentioned above is only included to increase the volume of the dog food and to ensure the most economical production possible Jasper, available French Bulldog puppy at TomKings Puppies Any other ingredient not mentioned above is only included to increase the volume of the dog food and to ensure the most economical production possible. Keep their health in mind as you provide them with nourishing meals that will support their growth and overall well-being Consultation with a veterinarian is also recommended to determine the best course of action By providing your Frenchie with safe and healthy food alternatives, you can promote their overall health and well-being Grey French Bulldog Puppies For Sale In Pa This premium dog food provides a balanced diet with a combination of high-quality proteins, fats, and carbohydrates Look for options that include meat protein sources like chicken or salmon, as these are beneficial for their muscle development and overall health Look for options that include meat protein sources like chicken or salmon, as these are beneficial for their muscle development and overall health. One of the key features of Royal Canin Small Puppy is its small kibble size, which makes it easier for Frenchie puppies to chew and digest If you suspect your French Bulldog has a food allergy , you may want to consider a limited-ingredient dog food or a grain-free diet .
Raw diets like B However, this is only a general guideline, and a more accurate calculation can be made based on specific factors The blend of fruits, vegetables, and superfoods in Wellness Complete Health Puppy ensures that your furry friend receives essential vitamins and minerals The blend of fruits, vegetables, and superfoods in Wellness Complete Health Puppy ensures that your furry friend receives essential vitamins and minerals. They come in a wide variety of flavors and are packed with lots of nutrition Now that you understand the importance of healthy ingredients in food, you can make informed choices when selecting the very best dog food options for your furry companion This dog food is specifically tailored for overweight and less active dogs, providing an optimal protein-to-fat ratio to help them reach their weight goals and maintain an energetic lifestyle Johnson American Bulldog Puppies For Sale In Georgia Instead of real meat, they often contain animal by-products or meat meal, which can cause allergic reactions in some dogs This regular feeding schedule helps maintain their energy levels and supports proper growth This regular feeding schedule helps maintain their energy levels and supports proper growth. Read our article to learn more about maintaining a healthy body weight for your Frenchie
Customers have reported that their dogs enjoy the flavor of Wellness Core Grain-Free Kibble and have maintained a healthy coat when consuming this food We have never noticed skin problems, intolerance, and poops have always been great This should be a high-quality brand that uses real meat and avoids fillers, artificial preservatives, and additives This should be a high-quality brand that uses real meat and avoids fillers, artificial preservatives, and additives. Any of these symptoms indicate that an immediate change of diet is necessary, about which you should always consult your vet first Home-made and raw diets like B Taurine and omega fatty acids have been found to be beneficial for cardiovascular health Micro French Bulldog Puppies For Sale By choosing a grain-free dog food option for your French Bulldog, you can support their overall health while accommodating their dietary needs .Potential Allergies and Sensitivities in French Bulldogs French Bulldogs may be prone to allergies and sensitivities , making it important to research the ingredients in their food and consult a vet if necessary
The list usually ends with some sort of animal fat, vegetables, and fruits The list usually ends with some sort of animal fat, vegetables, and fruits. Stick to dog-friendly fruits and veggies as treats instead Follow the recommended portion sizes based on their age and weight Salmon, poultry, and lamb are particularly beneficial sources of protein for French Bulldogs Even though processed dog foods might not look healthy to us, they actually contain all the nutrients that Frenchies need to stay healthy Excessive treats can contribute to weight gain if not properly regulated Excessive treats can contribute to weight gain if not properly regulated. Sources like fish oil offer an abundance of these beneficial fats that nourish their skin from within Additionally, it is excellent for dogs with food allergies To keep track of their weight effectively, consider using a digital scale designed for pets or consult with your veterinarian Puppy Bulldogs For Sale Near Me Should I opt for dry kibble or canned wet food? Wet foods are of course more appealing to dogs, which means they get used to them easily and will not want to eat dry food again The exact reason behind this toxicity is still unknown; however, ingestion of these fruits has been linked to kidney failure in some dogs The exact reason behind this toxicity is still unknown; however, ingestion of these fruits has been linked to kidney failure in some dogs. In general, weight management dog foods can be a good option for overweight French Bulldogs Providing proper nutrition will help set the foundation for a healthy and happy adult French Bulldog
| How much time does my puppy need to adjust to a new food? At what age should I switch to adult food for my French Bulldog? We usually recommend switching to adult food at the age of months old | In general, weight management dog foods can be a good option for overweight French Bulldogs |
| Onions and Garlic: A Recipe for Anemia While onions and garlic might add flavor to our meals, they pose a significant risk to our four-legged companions | Beneficial Supplements In addition to high-quality protein and healthy fats, beneficial supplements like prebiotic fiber, probiotics, glucosamine, chondroitin, taurine, and omega fatty acids should be considered for French Bulldog dog food |
| No longer will they suffer from itchy paws or diarrhea | If you notice that your puppy looks a bit chubbier or bigger compared to other Frenchies you can make this change even sooner |
| In some cases, a prescription diet recommended by a veterinarian may be necessary to help your French Bulldog achieve and maintain a healthy weight | Like with so many things, the name is not everything! On the other hand, if the kibble is too large they will have difficulties consuming the food |
| By following these feeding guidelines, you can provide your Frenchie with the balanced nutrition they need to stay in optimal health | Some common sensitivities in French Bulldogs include corn, soy, beef, and dairy products |
| If your Frenchie is a picky eater you can mix the dry and wet food but never give them the latter only | Avoid recipes with fillers or artificial additives — go for wholesome kibble made especially for small dogs like Frenchies |
| By choosing the best overall dog food for your Frenchie, you can support their overall health and well-being | Some dog foods featuring high-quality protein sources include Now Fresh Grain-Free Small-Breed Senior Dog Weight Management Recipe, which contains lean turkey, salmon, duck, and eggs as sources of protein |
| By understanding their unique nutritional needs, choosing high-quality ingredients, and providing a diet tailored to their age, weight, and activity level, you can ensure your Frenchie thrives | Customers have reported that their dogs enjoy the flavor of Wellness Core Grain-Free Kibble and have maintained a healthy coat when consuming this food |
| This grain-inclusive formula includes deboned chicken as the primary source of protein along with wholesome grains like brown rice | As for the amount, nice-looking French Bulldogs are a bit stockier, so you should always increase and lower the amount of their food with that in mind |
| For instance, the age and activity level of your dog are essential factors to consider | Chicken fat as dog food High-fat meats, chicken skin and fat from steaks or roasts are not recommended |
Suitable ingredients for homemade dog food for French Bulldogs include cooked lean meats, cooked eggs, cooked vegetables, cooked grains, and healthy fats Healthy Fats Healthy fats, such as omega-6 fatty acids, are an excellent source of nutrition for French Bulldogs By opting for lean proteins, avoiding artificial additives, incorporating whole grains, and including omega-3 fatty acids, you are providing the essential nutrients they need to thrive These foods are formulated to be lower in calories and fat while still providing high-quality protein and other essential nutrients However, the benefits it offers in terms of nutrition and breed-specific formulation make it a top choice for French Bulldog puppies These fillers are used to add mass to the product, but have no nutritional value and are difficult to digest Adult and senior French Bulldogs should also be fed two meals per day These grains offer a good source of energy and fiber while promoting healthy digestion Summary In conclusion, selecting the best dog food for your Frenchie is an essential part of supporting their overall health and well-being You could even use it as a meal topper to make meal time more fun The answer is actually quite simple: every Frenchie is different and what works for one puppy may unfortunately cause problems for the other It is recommended to feed them three to four times daily until they reach six months of age
If your Frenchie is a picky eater you can mix the dry and wet food but never give them the latter only If your dog experiences any digestive issues or stomach discomfort, consult your veterinarian for advice .These fatty acids help maintain a healthy immune system, promote healthy skin, and result in a glossy coat
If your dog experiences any digestive issues or stomach discomfort, consult your veterinarian for advice
After trying multiple brands such as Purina, Stella and Chewy, and Merrick no large quantity available for purchase, small bags got expensive , Royal Canin has never let us down These proteins promote muscle development, support growth, and provide essential amino acids for overall health So be mindful of what goes into their food bowl to ensure they grow up strong and free from unnecessary health problems Highest consumer ratings! We have never used this brand but I hear great things about it So what are the most important things to consider while trying to find the perfect food for your Frenchie? Read on to find out! The quality of dog food is always determined by the percentage of its protein content, in other words, the amount of meat or fish it contains First off, opt for puppy-specific formulas that meet their nutritional requirements It is also easy to digest for optimal nutrient absorption, making it an ideal choice for your Frenchie puppy Biologically Appropriate Raw Foods diet These diets may contain hydrolyzed proteins, which have been broken down into smaller components to minimize the risk of an allergic reaction .
If your puppy is gaining too much weight, consider reducing the portion sizes slightly or switching to a lower-calorie puppy food formula Glucosamine and chondroitin are essential for joint health and support joint and cartilage health maintenance Obesity can lead to various health problems such as joint issues, heart disease, and respiratory difficulties Check their available French Bulldog puppies , or if you have any questions or comments let us know below the article The best raw food for Frenchies There are several types of raw food diets for dogs, including the Prey Model Diet, the B A healthy stool should always be completely solid, which means you can easily collect it with a bag With the right nutrition, your Frenchie will enjoy a healthy, happy, and fulfilling life The flavor of the dog food When looking at dog foods, you can choose from lots of different flavors like a lamb, fish, beef, duck, etc We consult with a panel of experts and experienced puppy parents within the TomKings Frenchie Family, and we are proud to recommend the B Instead of fillers like corn or wheat that offer limited nutritional value, look for whole grains such as brown rice or oats Chocolate contains theobromine, which can be highly toxic for dogs If ingested by your French Bulldog, xylitol can cause a sudden release of insulin, leading to a rapid drop in blood sugar levels .
We always inform new parents of Tomkings puppies of the brands we used to feed the pups and we recommend to continue using the same brand for some time Instead, consider offering your Frenchie safe and healthy alternatives such as oatmeal, sweet potatoes, brown rice, fish, chicken, vegetables carrots, green beans, broccoli , and fruits apples, bananas, blueberries Puppies require more calories and nutrients to support their growth and development compared to adult dogs These foods typically contain limited ingredients and exclude common allergens such as wheat, soy, chicken, and dairy products Finally, homemade meals can prolong the average French Bulldog lifespan , so we definitely recommend homemade food! Why is it so hard to find the right dog food? Feeding is an evergreen topic among Frenchie parents in our Facebook group Homemade Dog Food Options for French Bulldogs While commercially manufactured foods are generally recommended for French Bulldogs, some owners may prefer to prepare homemade dog food for their pets Additionally, we advise you to switch to adult food at the age of months Consult your veterinarian for guidance on creating a balanced and nutritious homemade diet for your Frenchie As for the amount, nice-looking French Bulldogs are a bit stockier, so you should always increase and lower the amount of their food with that in mind It is always a good idea to consult your veterinarian if you are uncertain about what foods are appropriate for your French Bulldog Fromm Besides containing nearly all of the essential nutrients, the fact that you can get grain-free varieties and non-grain-free varieties is great Avoid foods with excessive fat content that could lead to weight gain or digestive issues such as loose stools To determine the appropriate portion size for your puppy or adult dog, consider consulting with animal nutritionists or your veterinarian We recommend wet food for dogs who are ill and have no appetite Be mindful of the calorie content in both regular meals and treats
Some dog foods that include these beneficial supplements are: Nutro Ultra Weight Management Dry Dog Food , which contains taurine for cardiovascular health Royal Canin French Bulldog Puppy Food — which provides complete and balanced nutrition, strengthens the immune system, encourages growth, and promotes balanced intestinal flora This formula includes prebiotics to support digestive health and aid in nutrient absorption .When he's not spending time with his furry best friend "Freddy II", you can find him reading up on the latest Frenchie trends or exploring new parks and hiking trails with his dapper little Frenchie by his side
They can provide personalized recommendations based on factors such as breed-specific needs and individual metabolism Customers say their dogs love the taste of this food Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Promoting Healthy Skin and Coat To maintain healthy skin and a lustrous coat on your furry friend, incorporate omega-3 fatty acids into their diet Opt for high-quality dog food specifically formulated for their needs By choosing a dog food with top ingredients, you can ensure your Frenchie receives the essential nutrients they need for a healthy and happy life Monitor their weight gain and adjust feeding amounts accordingly Royal Canin French Bulldog Puppy Food provides complete and balanced nutrition, strengthens the immune system, encourages growth, and promotes balanced intestinal flora Adjust the portion sizes accordingly if you notice significant weight gain or loss However, it is important to ensure that the transition from store-bought to home-cooked dog food is gradual Chicken fat as dog food High-fat meats, chicken skin and fat from steaks or roasts are not recommended Salmon oil and probiotics have been added to aid digestion and promote good health May 31, Are you head over heels for your adorable French Bulldog puppy? These little bundles of joy bring so much laughter and love into our lives Consultation with a veterinarian can also be helpful in determining the best wet food for a French Bulldog There are hundreds of different options on the market all claiming to be the best, no wonder our Frenchie parents constantly turn to us asking what they should feed their puppies However, not all carbohydrates are created equal Onions and Garlic: A Recipe for Anemia While onions and garlic might add flavor to our meals, they pose a significant risk to our four-legged companions No corn and no wheat .
No corn and no wheat
Some high-quality dog food brands offer special formulas that are designed for dogs with skin allergies Opt for natural alternatives that are free from these artificial additives Consulting with a veterinarian is also recommended to determine the best course of action By following these feeding guidelines, you can provide your Frenchie with the balanced nutrition they need to stay in optimal health If one of the foods from a particular brand works fine for your Frenchie, the flavors can and should be changed as long as they have the same nutritional values All the pictures in the post belong to them and their customers, and show puppies from their breed The best French Bulldog breeders will always give you advice on how to continue feeding your puppy once you welcome them home So what should you pay attention to when looking at the ingredients list? This could be beef, lamb, salmon, or any other type of meat Additionally, it is free from artificial colors, flavors, or preservatives and contains taurine, which acts as a natural antioxidant for your pup Victor Ocean Fish All Life Stages Dog Food Remember that these portions can vary depending on individual factors such as activity level and metabolism The recipe also includes fruits and vegetables such as apples, blueberries, and sweet potatoes to provide additional nutrients
They know they should feed their puppy with high-quality premium dog food to keep their baby healthy and fit, but they are left puzzled when they see the plethora of different choices While puppies naturally gain weight as they grow, excessive weight gain can lead to health issues such as joint problems To ensure that TomKings puppies receive only the highest quality food, we continuously evaluate available options and test the latest trends Some dog foods featuring high-quality protein sources include Now Fresh Grain-Free Small-Breed Senior Dog Weight Management Recipe, which contains lean turkey, salmon, duck, and eggs as sources of protein Foods to avoid include chocolate, coffee, tea, grapes, and raisins Adjusting Portion Sizes French Bulldogs have different dietary requirements based on their activity level and age Pet owners recommend this dog food for its weight maintenance benefits, quality ingredients, and multiple protein sources Royal Canin has been our go to french bulldog puppy food .Keep an eye on their body condition and consult with your veterinarian if you have concerns about their weight
For instance, the age and activity level of your dog are essential factors to consider What is the best food for an adult French Bulldog? You have several options Contains no animal by-products, whole corn, artificial additives or preservatives If your Frenchie shows signs of allergies or sensitivities, it is essential to evaluate the ingredients in their food and seek veterinary advice if needed Our Top Picks: Best Dog Foods for French Bulldogs in Our top picks for the best dog food for French Bulldogs in include a variety of options tailored to meet the unique nutritional needs of this charming breed Whether you're a seasoned Frenchie owner or just starting your journey, Freddy is excited to share his experiences and insights with you through his articles on this website So, if you see that a food contains an unrealistic amount of filler ingredients like wheat, corn, or chemical preservatives, it is definitely not a suitable and healthy choice for your Frenchie Most commercial dog foods and canned goods contain preservatives, flavor enhancers, coloring, and other additives The usual nutritional needs of French Bulldog A well-balanced Frenchie diet should contain the correct amounts of macronutrients: water, proteins, fats, carbohydrates, minerals, and vitamins By providing your Frenchie with a diet rich in healthy fats, you can support their skin and coat health while helping to moderate inflammation You may not notice all of these and the degree to which they occur may also vary Subscribe to our weekly blog newsletter: Subscribe to our blog newsletter! First name Email When you cook food for your dogs, you can be sure of what goes into their bowl Instead, they may use alternative protein sources such as fish or venison and may contain added omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids to help support skin health The best dry food for French Bulldogs Although cheaper dry food may appear to be similar to premium brands based on the label, there are significant differences in the quantity and quality of the ingredients Opting for lean proteins like chicken and turkey ensures they receive high-quality nutrients without excessive fat content .
What should I feed my French Bulldog puppy? As the owner of a French Bulldog puppy, it is important to ensure your pup is getting the right nutrients Just like humans, your dog could be allergic to some kind of food, such as corn or soy, but in most cases, they are actually allergic to fillers found in processed food .